SNEAK PEEkS

એજી અમરાપુરી તો પામીયે, જો સતગુર સાથી હોય

સતગુર વિના મુગતી ન પામીયે, જો ઇલમ બહોત પડીયા હોય

Only if the True Guide is your companion shall you enter the eternal land
No salvation is there without him, no matter how many erudite tomes you’ve read

~Pir Sadr al-Din

In his famous guidance to his disciple Kumayl, Imam ‘Ali said, “Knowledge is superior to wealth. Knowledge protects you, while you must protect wealth. Wealth diminishes when distributed, but knowledge increases with distribution.” What remains to be learned is always far more vast than what we know. Here are some sneak peaks of Professor Virani’s forthcoming research projects.

Khwajah Sindhi

(Khojki)

Khwajah Sindhi

Khwajah Sindhi, now commonly known as Khojki, is one of the most important legacies of Sindh. It is the most sophisticated of the indigenous scripts, and like its sisters such as Khudawadi, records a treasury of literature in Sindhi and other South Asian vernaculars. A paper on the name, manuscripts and origin of the script is currently in press, and additional pieces on its consonant and vowel systems, as well as a book-length bibliography of South Asian Ismaili literature are all currently in preparation.

Coming of Age…Again

Coming of Age…Again

The United Nations informs us that “population ageing is poised to become one of the most significant social transformations of the twenty-first century.” Virtually every country in the world is experiencing this phenomenon. “Coming of Age…Again” is an anthology of short stories, poetry and other literature translated from Hindi, Urdu, Gujarati and Persian that shares reflections on ageing with an English-speaking audience. One item from the collection the piece “Maaji” by Qudratullah Shahab has already been published and is available here.

Explaining Ismailism: A Tale from Alamut

Explaining Ismailism: A Tale from Alamut

This is a tale of two young Ismaili brothers, Mahmud and Muhammad, who lived during the Alamut period. They were captured by the Prince of Sistan, and forced to defend their faith. This study includes a critical edition and English translation of this text.

Guidance for Seekers

(Irshad al-talibin)

Guidance for Seekers

The Guidance for Seekers (Irshad al-talibin) is one of the earliest Ismaili works that provides insights into the history of the Ismaili Imams of Alamut, and of the Imams who succeeded them in the immediate aftermath of the Mongol invasions. It also contributes to our understanding of the possibility of a split in the community at this time. This will be the first critical Persian edition of the text, accompanied by an English translation. Earlier research on this subject is available in The Ismailis in the Middle Ages: A History of Survival, A Search for Salvation.

The Well-Wisher of Herat

The Well-Wisher of Herat

Khayrkhwah (“The Well-Wisher”) of Herat (d. after 960/1553) was a Nizari Ismaili author, poet and claimant to the position of “proof” (hujjat) in the Ismaili religious hierarchy (hudud-i din). His writings, all in Persian, give us significant insights into tenth/sixteenth century Ismaili history and thought and the shared heritage of Ismailism and Sufism. This study includes a critical edition and English translation of all the author’s known prose works. Earlier research on this subject is available in the third edition of The Encyclopaedia of Islam and in An Anthology of Ismaili Literature.  

The Foundation of Symbolic Interpretation

The Foundation of Symbolic Interpretation

In The Beginning and The End, Nasir al-Din Tusi writes, “Unsullied by imperfection, the Hereafter is beyond time and place. However, for those bound by time and place, it is sometimes alluded to in terms of time, sometimes in terms of place, that such folk may grasp it in their language.” This study of the symbolic interpretation, or ta’wil, of the sacred history of the prophets, focusses on The Foundation of Symbolic Interpretation (Asas al-ta’wil) by the Fatimid jurist al-Qadi al-Nu’man and its Persian translation by al-Muʾayyad fi’l-Din al-Shirazi. Earlier research on this subject is available in Studies in Islamic Historiography and in An Anthology of Ismaili Literature.

The Seven Spiritual Pillars of Islam

The Seven Spiritual Pillars of Islam

This is a study of the anonymous treatise The Symbolic Interpretation of the Seven Pillars of the Heavenly Dispensation (Ta’wil-i haft arkan-i shari’at). The treatise gives tremendous insights into the esoteric interpretation of the exoteric practices of Islam.

True Dawn

(Subh-i sadiq)

True Dawn

True Dawn (Subh-i sadiq) is perhaps one of the most important Persian Ismaili texts of the post-Alamut period. Written by Qasim Khurasani during the time of Imam Dhu’l-Faqar ‘Ali (d. 1043/1634), it is a summa of Ismaili esoteric thought of the period. This study includes an edition and English translation of the work from what is believed to be the sole surviving manuscript.

The Adornment of Assemblies

(Tazyin al-majalis)

The Adornment of Assemblies

Among the most impressive pieces of post-Alamut Ismaili history is the Tazyin al-majalis or “Adornment of Assemblies” by Husayn b. Ya’qub Shah, a contemporary of the Imams Khalil Allah ‘Ali (d. 1090/1680) and Shah Nizar (d. 1134/1722). It gives a mystical understanding of festivals such as ‘Id al-fitr and Nawruz. This study includes an edition and English translation of the work. Earlier research on this subject is available in Intellectual Interactions in the Islamic World and in An Anthology of Ismaili Literature.

The Pledge of Allegiance

(bay’ah)

The Pledge of Allegiance

The pledge of allegiance (bay’ah) to the spiritual guide is a matter of tremendous importance in esoteric Islam. This study examines this concept in Ismailism, with particular reference to a Syrian work from the Alamut period entitled The Statute and Invitation of the Faithful to the Holy Presence (al-Dastur wa-da’wat al-mu’minin li’l-hudur).

Journey to the Roof of the World: The Travels of Pir Sabzali in Central Asia

Journey to the Roof of the World: The Travels of Pir Sabzali in Central Asia

Pir Sabzali (d. 1938) was one of the most dynamic volunteers and gifted orators in the Ismaili community. This is a study of his voyage to Central Asia in 1923 at the behest of the Ismaili Imam Sultan Muhammad Shah. It is based on a diary he wrote in Gujarati about his harrowing journey. Earlier research on this subject is available in An Anthology of Ismaili Literature.

The Ethics of Islam

The Ethics of Islam

Nasir al-Din Tusi is likely the most famous ethicist in Islamic history. While his Nasirean Ethics have been studied in depth, the book of profound and pithy maxims that he wrote in collaboration with Nasir al-Din Muhtasham, the Akhlaq-i Muhtashami, is little known. This study will provide an English translation of the text.

The Pilgrim’s Provision

(Zad al-musafir)

The Pilgrim’s Provision

“The Pilgrim’s Provision is among my treasures – I write prose like that, and poetry like this!” exults the famous Fatimid thinker, Nasir-i Khusraw. This study will provide insights into The Pilgrim’s Provision (Zād al-musafir), one of the earliest and most important philosophically inclined Persian works ever written.

For insights into the thought of Hakim Nasir, click here.

Decorum for the Followers of the Imam

(al-Himmah fi adab atba’ al-a’immah)

Decorum for the Followers of the Imam

Arabic and Persian literature are replete with works explaining the expected behavior of subjects before their rulers. Decorum for the Followers of the Imam (al-Himmah fi adab atba’ al-a’immah) by al-Qadi al-Nu’man, on the other hand, subverts this literary genre by outlining a guide for how the faithful must behave in the presence of their Imam. This study includes a translation of this important work.